Evapotranspiration (ET)—the distribution and partitioning of which is strongly mediated by
vegetation—is central to the water, energy and carbon cycles. In this Review, we examine …

Drought-associated woody-plant mortality has been increasing in most regions with multi-
decadal records and is projected to increase in the future, impacting terrestrial climate …

Earth's forests face grave challenges in the Anthropocene, including hotter droughts
increasingly associated with widespread forest die-off events. But despite the vital …

Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and
drought, raise concerns about climate change risks to global forest health. We currently lack …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

Fire activity in Australia is strongly affected by high inter-annual climate variability and
extremes. Through changes in the climate, anthropogenic climate change has the potential …

Climate change has been partially mitigated by an increasing net land carbon sink in the
terrestrial biosphere; understanding the processes that drive this sink is thus essential for …

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and their
redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate …

Uncertainties surrounding tree carbon allocation to growth are a major limitation to
projections of forest carbon sequestration and response to climate change. The prevalence …

Climate extremes such as droughts and heatwaves have a large impact on terrestrial carbon
uptake by reducing gross primary production (GPP). While the evidence for increasing …