This paper presents a new method for busbar differential protection based on the
instantaneous power concept. In order to do so, the instantaneous power per phase of each …

This paper revisits the generalized alpha plane (GAP) formulation applied to differential
protection of multi-terminal apparatus. The GAP formulation is improved by aiming for three …

Though differential relays are preferred for the protection of series-compensated
transmission line (SCTL), they may mal-operate during current inversion, high resistance …

To avoid the impact of the transient saturation of a current transformer, a fast busbar
protection method based on the initial traveling wave integrated active power differential …

In this paper, a novel time‐domain method based on the orientation analysis of the
superimposed current component Lissajous curves is presented for busbar protection. The …

Superimposed current components contain effective information, which can be employed to
enhance the dependability and security of busbar protection relays. This study aims to …

One area of the major concern of busbar differential schemes is misoperation due to current
transformer saturation through close-in out-of-zone faults. A comprehensive fault …

This paper describes an alternative busbar differential protection function based on the
generalized alpha plane. This approach faithfully maps several currents in two equivalent …

This paper presents a new time domain busbar protection algorithm which uses current
samples and their half-cycle incremental quantities to implement a fast and reliable tripping …

Duplication of circuit breakers (CBs) in substations is not realistic due to economic and
operational constraints. In the event of failure of a CB, adjacent breakers need to be called in …