The immunology of the allergy epidemic and the hygiene hypothesis

BN Lambrecht, H Hammad - Nature immunology, 2017 - nature.com
The immunology of the hygiene hypothesis of allergy is complex and involves the loss of
cellular and humoral immunoregulatory pathways as a result of the adoption of a Western …

Antibody-independent functions of B cells: a focus on cytokines

P Shen, S Fillatreau - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2015 - nature.com
Cytokine production by B cells is important for multiple aspects of immunity. B cell-derived
cytokines, including lymphotoxin, are essential for the ontogenesis, homeostasis and …

IgG4 production is confined to human IL-10–producing regulatory B cells that suppress antigen-specific immune responses

W van de Veen, B Stanic, G Yaman… - Journal of Allergy and …, 2013 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: IL-10–producing regulatory B cells suppress immune responses, and lack
of these cells leads to exacerbated symptoms in mouse models of chronic inflammation …

Helminth infections and host immune regulation

HJ McSorley, RM Maizels - Clinical microbiology reviews, 2012 - Am Soc Microbiol
Helminth parasites infect almost one-third of the world's population, primarily in tropical
regions. However, regions where helminth parasites are endemic record much lower …

Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008

J Bousquet, N Khaltaev, AA Cruz, J Denburg… - Allergy, 2008 - Wiley Online Library
Allergic rhinitis is a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced after allergen exposure by an
immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammation of the membranes lining the nose (1). It was …

The effect of infections on susceptibility to autoimmune and allergic diseases

JF Bach - New England journal of medicine, 2002 - Mass Medical Soc
The hygiene hypothesis postulates that an environment with a high incidence of infectious
diseases protects against allergic and autoimmune diseases, whereas hygienic …

Helminth immunomodulation in autoimmune disease

TB Smallwood, PR Giacomin, A Loukas… - Frontiers in …, 2017 - frontiersin.org
Helminths have evolved to become experts at subverting immune surveillance. Through
potent and persistent immune tempering, helminths can remain undetected in human …

Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

M Kalliomäki, S Salminen, H Arvilommi, P Kero… - The Lancet, 2001 - thelancet.com
Background Reversal of the progressive increase in frequency of atopic disease would be
an important breakthrough for health care and wellbeing in Western societies. In the hygiene …

The immunobiology of schistosomiasis

EJ Pearce, AS MacDonald - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2002 - nature.com
Schistosomes are parasitic worms that are a prime example of a complex multicellular
pathogen that flourishes in the human host despite the development of a pronounced …

Allergy, parasites, and the hygiene hypothesis

M Yazdanbakhsh, PG Kremsner, R Van Ree - Science, 2002 - science.org
The increase of allergic diseases in the industrialized world has often been explained by a
decline in infections during childhood. The immunological explanation has been put into the …