While various clinical applications especially in oncology are now in progress such as
diagnosis, prognosis, therapy monitoring, or patient follow-up, the determination of structural …

Nucleic acid therapy can achieve lasting and even curative effects through gene
augmentation, gene suppression, and genome editing. However, it is difficult for naked …

Biopharmaceuticals have emerged to play a vital role in disease treatment and have shown
promise in the rapidly expanding pharmaceutical market due to their high specificity and …

The penetration of polar or badly soluble compounds through a cell membrane into live cells
requires mechanical support or chemical helpers. Cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) are very …

Delivery of macromolecules mediated by protein transduction domains (PTDs) attracts a lot
of interest due to its therapeutic and biotechnological potential. A major reevaluation of the …

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) traverse the membrane of biological cells at low
micromolar concentrations and are able to take various cargo molecules along with. Despite …

A major obstacle in the development of new therapeutic agents is the low bioavailability of
hydrophilic substances. Drugs that bind to intracellular targets must penetrate the lipid …

Biomolecular condensates, which arise from liquid–liquid phase separation within cells, may
provide a means of enriching and prolonging the retention of small-molecule drugs within …

During the last decade, small peptides (10 to 15 amino acids) derived from the HIV-1 Tat
protein and from the drosophila Antennapedia homeodomain have been used to internalize …

In a study of genes expressed differentially in the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus
leniusculus infected experimentally with the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), one protein …