There is an urgent need to thoroughly review and comprehend the effects of urbanization on
wildlife in order to understand both the ecological implications of increasing urbanization …

Despite the well-established links between air pollution and human health, vegetation, and
aquatic ecosystems, less attention has been paid to the potential impact of reactive …

Random and subtle deviations from bilateral symmetry (fluctuating asymmetry) have long
been of interest to biologists who wish to study the susceptibility of organisms to changes in …

The adverse consequences of pollution impact on terrestrial ecosystems have been under
careful investigation since the beginning of the twentieth century. Several thousand case …

Oxidative stress is the unifying feature underlying the toxicity of anthropogenic pollution (eg,
heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and nitrogen-oxides) and the ultimate …

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), in contrast with other asymmetries, is the bilateral asymmetry
that represents small, random developmental differences between right and left sides. After …

Total blood haemoglobin concentration is increasingly being used to assess physiological
condition in wild birds, although it has not been explicitly recognized how reliably this …

Fluctuating asymmetry, the random deviation from perfect symmetry, is a widely used
population-level index of developmental instability, developmental noise, and robustness. It …

Arsenic (As) is a metalloid of high concern because of its toxic effects for plants and animals.
However, it is hard to find information on this metalloid in passerines. This review presents a …

Biomarkers in the earthworm Aporrectodea tuberculata (Eisen) were measured to find out
their possible induction under Cu and Zn exposure and differences in the responses …