Confined fluids and electrolyte solutions in nanopores exhibit rich and surprising physics
and chemistry that impact the mass transport and energy efficiency in many important …

Greenhouse gas emissions associated with power generation from fossil fuel combustion
account for 25% of global emissions and, thus, contribute greatly to climate change …

Fine-tuned ion transport across nanoscale pores is key to many biological processes,
including neurotransmission. Recent advances have enabled the confinement of water and …

Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are a special class of ion-exchange membranes constituted by
a cation-and an anion-exchange layer, allowing the generation of protons and hydroxide …

Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) membranes are emerging candidates for osmotic energy
conversion. However, the trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity remains the key …

Osmotic power generation, the extraction of power from mixing salt solutions of different
concentrations, can provide an efficient power source for both nanoscale and industrial-level …

Our technological systems are mainly based on semiconductor photovoltaics, electronic
circuits, and (electro) chemical storage reactions. However, in the energy field," ionics" has …

Salinity gradients have been identified as promising clean, renewable and non-intermittent
sources of energy—so-called blue energy. However, the low efficiency of current harvesting …

Salinity gradient power (SGP) has been identified as a promising renewable energy source.
Reverse electrodialysis (RED) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) are two membrane …

Osmosis is a universal phenomenon occurring in a broad variety of processes and fields. It
is the archetype of entropic forces, both trivial in its fundamental expression–the van't Hoff …