Efforts are ongoing to map synaptic wiring diagrams, or connectomes, to understand the
neural basis of brain function. However, chemical synapses represent only one type of …

One of the reasons that most multicellular animals survive and thrive is because of the
adaptable and plastic nature of their nervous systems. For an organism to survive, it is …

Neuropeptides and peptide hormones are ancient, widespread signaling molecules that
underpin almost all brain functions. They constitute a broad ligand-receptor network, mainly …

Neuropeptides are abundant signaling molecules that control neuronal activity and behavior
in all animals. Owing in part to its well-defined and compact nervous system, Caenorhabditis …

Motor neurons (MNs) constitute an ancient cell type targeted by multiple adult-onset
diseases. It is therefore important to define the molecular makeup of adult MNs in animal …

Finding food and remaining at a food source are crucial survival strategies. We show how
neural circuits and signaling molecules regulate these food-related behaviors in …

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system
offers the unique opportunity to obtain a partial expression profile for each neuron within a …

Neuronal communication involves small-molecule transmitters, gap junctions, and
neuropeptides. While neurons often express multiple neuropeptides, our understanding of …

Highlights•Neuropeptide signaling forms a chemical connectome overlaid on synaptic
circuits.•Studies on nonbilaterians have revealed nonsynaptic actions of neuropeptides.• …

Light is an important zeitgeber that regulates many behavioral and physiological processes
in animals. These processes may become disturbed due to the changes in natural patterns …