This paper reviews the literature related to the learning and teaching of debugging computer
programs. Debugging is an important skill that continues to be both difficult for novice …

We present a brief overview of a model for the human cognitive architecture and three
learning theories based on this model: cognitive load theory, cognitive apprenticeship, and …

This paper presents a systematic literature review of the recent (2006--2010) development of
automatic assessment tools for programming exercises. We discuss the major features that …

We present a program visualization tool called Jeliot 3 that is designed to aid novice
students to learn procedural and object oriented programming. The key feature of Jeliot is …

Although programmers frequently copy and paste code when they develop software,
implications of common copy and paste (C&P) usage patterns have not been studied …

Automatically observing and recording the programming behaviour of novices is an
established computing education research technique. However, prior studies have been …

This work analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using the novice programming
environment Alice in the CS0 classroom. We consider both general aspects as well as …

This article describes research on the learning of object-oriented programming (OOP) by
novices. During two academic years, we taught OOP to high school students, using Java …

This report defines notional machines (NMs), and provides a series of definitional
characteristics by which they may be identified. Over several sections, it includes a first-hand …

Learning to program, especially in the object-oriented paradigm, is a difficult undertaking for
many students. As a result, computing educators have tried a variety of instructional methods …