Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known as promising sources for cancer therapy and
can be utilized as vehicles in cancer gene therapy. MSC-derived exosomes are central …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously encoded∼ 22 nt small non‐coding RNAs. They
function as key players of many cellular processes by base pairing with target mRNAs and …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts that constitute the major
components of tumor microenvironment (TME) and play crucial roles in tumor development …

Bone microenvironment provides growth and survival signals essential for osteosarcoma
(OS) initiation and progression. OS cells regulate communications inside tumor …

Immunotherapy against the interaction between programmed cell death 1/programmed cell
death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a promising strategy for colorectal cancer with …

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that exist within the human gut, and which are also present
in different food products and supplements. They have been investigated for some decades …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world, and aberrant expression of
miRNA is a common feature during the cancer initiation and development. Our previous …

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play pivotal roles in the regulation of gene expression and
represent a promising target for the development of new therapeutic approaches. Among …

Metastasis is the spread and growth of localized cancer to new locations in the body and is
considered the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Metastatic cancer cells display distinct …

Background Breastfeeding is the ideal source of infant nutrition. Human milk consists not
only of nutrients but also biologically active components. Among these latter compounds …