Long-term cigarette smoking (LTCS) represents an important risk factor for cardiac infarction
and stroke and the central risk factor for the development of a bronchial carcinoma, smoking …

Background: The progressive dysfunction of the immune system during aging appears to be
involved in the pathogenesis of several age-related disorders. However, regular physical …

Background: Low-grade inflammation can be present in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), which may affect the regulation of muscle protein and body metabolism …

Background Exercise training is a cornerstone of the treatment of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) in all disease stages. Data about the training effects with …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by impaired pulmonary vascular
structure and function and is commonly associated with symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue, and …

Inflammation is a driver in the demyelination process in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)
and can influence disability levels. Both single and repeated bouts of exercise can decrease …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by both lung-related and systemic
symptoms, notably chronic inflammation. Despite pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) being a …

Background We studied whether the exercise improves cigarette smoke (CS) induced
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in mice through inhibition of inflammation …

Physical exercise contributes to maintain our health, through its role in inflammatory immune
response. Cytokines are proteins that mediate communication between immune cells, either …

Background: The application of exercise therapy (ET) in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) is generating increasing clinical efficacy and social-economic value. In this …