The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions as a quality-control organelle for protein
homeostasis, or “proteostasis”. The protein quality control systems involve ER-associated …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of
blindness worldwide. DR was recently defined as a neurovascular disease associated with …

According to the prediction of the International Diabetes Federation, global diabetes mellitus
(DM) patients will reach 783.2 million in 2045. The increasing incidence of DM has led to a …

Diabetic retinopathy is the major cause of blindness in diabetic patients, with limited
treatment options that do not always restore optimal vision. Retinal nerve degeneration and …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of prematurity.
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are the major contributors to BPD. Despite …

Background Although our previous work confirmed 20 (R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (R-Rg3), which
is an active ingredient in the Panax Ginseng CA Meyer, to have good anti-diabetic activity …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent complication in the eye resulting from
diabetes mellitus, predominantly associated with high blood sugar levels and hypertension …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent microvascular complication in diabetic patients that
poses a serious risk as it can cause substantial visual impairment and even vision loss. Due …

Purpose: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the primary cause of vision impairment in
diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients. A previous study has shown the efficacy of montelukast, a …

Abstract The pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) involves a complex interplay of
factors, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) …