Breathing movements in mammals are driven by rhythmic neural activity generated within
spatially and functionally organized brainstem neural circuits comprising the respiratory …

Lung ventilation fluctuates widely with behavior but arterial PCO 2 remains stable. Under
normal conditions, the chemoreflexes contribute to PaCO 2 stability by producing small …

Central chemoreception traditionally refers to a change in ventilation attributable to changes
in CO 2/H+ detected within the brain. Interest in central chemoreception has grown …

Contiguous brain regions associated with a given behavior are increasingly being divided
into subregions associated with distinct aspects of that behavior. Using recently developed …

Respiratory chemoreceptor activity encoding arterial Pco2 and Po2 is a critical determinant
of ventilation. Currently, the relative importance of several putative chemoreceptor …

We discuss recent evidence which suggests that the principal central respiratory
chemoreceptors are located within the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) and that RTN neurons …

The retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) contains CO2‐responsive neurons that regulate breathing
frequency and amplitude. These neurons (RTN‐Phox2b neurons) contain the transcription …

The retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) consists, by definition, of Phox2b-expressing,
glutamatergic, non-catecholaminergic, noncholinergic neurons located in the parafacial …

The retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) contains noncholinergic noncatecholaminergic
glutamatergic neurons that express the transcription factor Phox2b (chemically coded or “cc” …

An interoceptive homeostatic system monitors levels of CO2/H+ and provides a
proportionate drive to respiratory control networks that adjust lung ventilation to maintain …