Research and development of the ideal artificial bone-substitute materials to replace
autologous and allogeneic bones for repairing bone defects is still a challenge in clinical …

We carried out a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the evidence regarding the
clinical results of the Ilizarov method in the treatment of long bone defects of the lower limbs …

Background Infected nonunion of tibia and femur are common in clinical practice, however,
the treatment of these diseases has still been a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Ilizarov …

The reconstruction of large skeletal defects is still a tricky challenge in orthopedics. The
newly formed bone tissue migrates sluggishly from the periphery to the center of the scaffold …

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of
infected nonunion of tibia and femur by bone transport. Material and methods We …

Chronic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including
apparently unrelated conditions such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases …

Tissue engineering to replace an injured/defective organ is considered a complex process
by which the required biological functionalities are restored. As an effective strategy to …

Despite advances in biomedical research, fracture nonunion rates have remained stable
throughout the years. Long-bone fractures have a high likelihood of nonunion, but the …

Nonunions of the distal femur are inherently difficult to treat and associated with significant
patient disability. An extensive search of published reports was conducted and identified …

Nonunions of the femoral shaft represent a treatment challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon
and a serious socioeconomic problem for the patient. Inadequate fracture stability …