Hyperglycaemia that develops during pregnancy and resolves after birth has been
recognized for over 50 years, but uniform worldwide consensus is lacking about threshold …

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) traditionally refers to abnormal glucose tolerance with
onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GDM has long been associated with obstetric …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acknowledged inflammatory cytokine with a pleiotropic action,
mediating innate and adaptive immunity and multiple physiological processes, including …

Extensive experimental animal studies and epidemiological observations have shown that
environmental influences during early development affect the risk of later pathophysiological …

The insulin receptor (IR) gene undergoes differential splicing that generates two IR isoforms,
IR-A and IR-B. The physiological roles of IR isoforms are incompletely understood and …

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic complication of
pregnancy, with a prevalence that has increased significantly in the last decade, coming to …

There is a wealth of evidence to say that sleep impacts maternal health during pregnancy,
however, little has been published on fetal health and maternal sleep. This scoping review …

Leptin is now considered an important signalling molecule of the reproductive system, as it
regulates the production of gonadotrophins, the blastocyst formation and implantation, the …

Normal human pregnancy is considered a state of enhanced oxidative stress. In pregnancy,
it plays important roles in embryo development, implantation, placental development and …

Preeclampsia (PE) results in placental dysfunction and is one of the primary causes of
maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. During pregnancy, estrogen is produced primarily …