Decades of advancements in immuno-oncology have enabled the development of current
immunotherapies, which provide long-term treatment responses in certain metastatic cancer …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as one of the major
breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy in the last decade. Outstanding results in …

There has been considerable scientific effort dedicated to understanding the biologic
consequence and therapeutic implications of aberrant tryptophan metabolism in brain …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Surgical resection
combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard treatment for GBM patients …

The glioma tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the development, occurrence,
and treatment of gliomas. Glioma-associated macrophages (GAMs) are the most widely …

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive brain tumor, is associated with a median survival
at diagnosis of 16–20 months and limited treatment options. The key hallmark of GBM is …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and malignant brain tumor with high
mortality. The current treatment strategies are still unsatisfactory for this devastating disease …

Immune checkpoint inhibition has transformed the treatment landscape of advanced
melanoma and long-term survival of patients is now possible. However, at least half of the …

Abstract Tryptophan (Trp)-catabolic enzymes (TCEs) produce metabolites that activate the
aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and promote tumor progression and immunosuppression …

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) remains the most common malignant primary brain tumor
with a dismal prognosis that rarely exceeds beyond 2 years despite extensive therapy …