Understanding how neurons of the striatum are formed and integrate into complex synaptic
circuits is essential to provide insight into striatal function in health and disease. In this …

Cortical neural circuits are complex but very precise networks of balanced excitation and
inhibition. Yet, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that form the balance are just …

CUT homeobox genes represent a captivating gene class fulfilling critical functions in the
development and maintenance of multiple cell types across a wide range of organisms …

The innate immune system shapes brain development and is implicated in
neurodevelopmental diseases. It is critical to define the relevant immune cells and signals …

A persistent question in neuroscience is how early neuronal subtype identity is established
during the development of neuronal circuits. Despite significant progress in the …

The function of the cerebral cortex depends on various types of interneurons (cortical
interneurons [cINs]) and their appropriate allocation to the cortical layers. Caudal ganglionic …

Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a cytokine with neuromodulatory properties, has been shown to
enhance inhibitory transmission. Because early inhibitory neurotransmission sculpts …

Brain asymmetry is a hallmark of the human brain. Recent studies report a certain degree of
abnormal asymmetry of brain lateralization between left and right brain hemispheres can be …

This review article aims to give a brief summary on the novel technologies, the challenges,
our current understanding, and the open questions in the field of the neurophysiology of the …

Environmental and genetic factors influence synapse formation. Numerous animal
experiments have revealed that pesticides, including herbicides, can disturb normal …