Carotenoids are lipophilic isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic
organisms and some non-photosynthetic prokaryotes and fungi. With some notable …

The screening and testing of extracts against a variety of pharmacological targets in order to
benefit from the immense natural chemical diversity is a concern in many laboratories …

Fusion proteins derived from transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) have emerged as
genome editing tools for mitochondria. TALE nucleases (TALENs) have been applied to …

Plant natural products (PNPs) are the main sources of drugs, food additives, and new
biofuels and have become a hotspot in synthetic biology. In the past two decades, the …

Plant natural products (PNPs) are specialized metabolites with diverse bioactivities. They
are extensively used in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries. PNPs are …

For millennia, humans have used plants for food, raw materials, and medicines, but only
within the past two centuries have we begun to connect particular plant metabolites with …

Plant-based biosynthesis of fuels, chemicals, and materials promotes environmental
sustainability, which includes decreases in greenhouse gas emissions, water pollution, and …

The development of technologies for the genetic manipulation of mitochondrial genomes
remains a major challenge. Here we report a method for the targeted introduction of …

Plastids, the defining organelles of plant cells, undergo physiological and morphological
changes to fulfill distinct biological functions. In particular, the differentiation of chloroplasts …

Grafting is a traditional horticultural technique that makes use of plant wound healing
mechanisms to join two different genotypes together to form one plant. In many agricultural …