Immune dysregulation is an important component of the pathophysiology of COVID-19. A
large body of literature has reported the effect of immune-based therapies in patients with …

Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2) are a heterogeneous population that have critical
secretory and regenerative roles in the alveolus to maintain lung homeostasis. However …

Abstract Background Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition is associated with
antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effects that may be beneficial in patients with idiopathic …

Background Preclinical data have suggested that nintedanib, an intracellular inhibitor of
tyrosine kinases, inhibits processes involved in the progression of lung fibrosis. Although the …

Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common manifestation of systemic sclerosis
and a leading cause of systemic sclerosis–related death. Nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by
progressive lung scarring and the histological picture of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). It …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a prototype of chronic, progressive, and fibrotic lung disease.
Healthy tissue is replaced by altered extracellular matrix and alveolar architecture is …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive disease
characterized by the aberrant accumulation of fibrotic tissue in the lungs parenchyma …

Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been defined as an acute, clinically
significant, respiratory deterioration of unidentifiable cause. The objective of this …

Angiogenesis has always been the topic of major scientific interest in the field of malignant
tumors. Nowadays, targeting angiogenesis has achieved success in various carcinomas by …