Previous studies on freight rate dynamics have explored the behavior of freight rates and
their characteristics, including unit root, among other factors. However, there are few articles …

Previous studies regarding freight rate dynamics have explored the behaviour of freight
rates and their characteristics. Specifically, many studies analyse the relation between …

The evidence concerning the stationary nature of freight rates is quite ambiguous: some
studies conclude that freight rates are stationary, and others conclude the opposite …

We surveyed quite a number of papers (~ 60), where one third of them belonged to maritime
economic dynamic systems, meaning multi variable models. The emphasis we placed was …

Freight prices are heterogeneous, and not all the routes have the same liquidity of spot or
futures prices; therefore, sometimes there are problems related to one, or more, route …

We surveyed quite a number of papers (~ 60), where one third of them belonged to maritime
economic dynamic systems, meaning multi variable models. The emphasis we placed was …