—Vince Lombardi American-style football (ASF) is the most popular organized team sport in
the United States, with% 1 million high school, 1 70 000 collegiate, 2 and 2000 professional …

Objectives To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in
current field-based athletes. Design Meta-analysis. Methods This review was conducted and …

Background American-style football (ASF) athletes are at risk for cardiovascular disease
(CVD) and exhibit elevated levels of serum neurofilament light (Nf-L), a biomarker of axonal …

Context The essential omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) exhibit vital biological roles and are critical for cardiovascular …

Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) are associated with cardiovascular health, brain function,
reduction of inflammation, and several other physiological roles of importance to competitive …

Purpose Many athletes are deficient in long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC
n-3 PUFA). A consequent low Omega-3 Index (O3I) and high arachidonic …

The structural adaptations of the “athlete's heart” include left atrial (LA) enlargement. A
literature search was performed based on PubMed listings up to November 2, 2019 using …

Abstract Background Recent studies on American-style football (ASF) athletes raised
questions about the impact of training on the cardiovascular phenotype, particularly among …

Background Prompted by a cluster of observations concerning ascending aortic pathology in
elite rugby players, we assessed over 150 asymptomatic predominantly retired players with …

Knowledge of cardiovascular adaptations in athletes has predominantly focused on males,
with limited data available on females who compromise a substantial percentage of all …