ABSTRACT Exosomes are small ($30–140 nm) lipid bilayer-enclosed particles of
endosomal origin. They are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are secreted by most …

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles released from various cells, and they can be
found in different bodily fluids. Exosomes have been utilized as biomarkers to diagnose …

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are subject to instability issues linked to their protein nature.
In this work, we review the different mechanisms that can be linked to monoclonal antibodies …

Lipid vesicles can provide a cost-effective enhancement of skin drug absorption when
vesicle production process is optimised. It is an important challenge to design the ideal …

This tutorial review focuses on the use of ICP-MS based techniques for the analysis of metal-
containing nanoparticles and colloids. Within the first part the capabilities of “stand alone” …

Food proteins, polysaccharides, and polyphenols are 3 major food constituents with
distinctly different functional attributes. Many proteins and polysaccharides are capable of …

Fc‐Fusion proteins represent a successful class of biopharmaceutical products, with already
13 drugs approved in the European Union and United States as well as three biosimilar …

Protein biopharmaceuticals are macromolecules with a therapeutic effect, commonly
produced by the recombinant DNA technology. They have emerged as important …

Recent technological advances have created great interest in the use of biologically active
peptides. Bioactive peptides can be defined as specific portions of proteins with 2 to 20 …

Ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) is a historical technique widely used for the detailed
characterization of therapeutic proteins and can be considered as a reference and powerful …