Improved understanding of sex and gender-specific differences in the aetiology,
mechanisms and epidemiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) could help nephrologists …

Protein-energy wasting (PEW), a term proposed by the International Society of Renal
Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM), refers to the multiple nutritional and catabolic alterations …

Sex and gender differences are of fundamental importance in most diseases, including
chronic kidney disease (CKD). Men and women with CKD differ with regard to the …

Introduction The relationship between endogenous testosterone (T) levels and
cardiovascular (CV) risk in men is conflicting. Aim To verify whether endogenous T levels …

The objective of this review was to summarize the literature on the risk factors, comorbidities,
and consequences of male hypogonadism, which is defined as a syndrome complex that …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease worldwide and is associated with high
rates of morbidity and mortality. This review discusses several aspects of the relationship …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of osteoporosis and
vascular calcification. Bone demineralization and vascular mineralization go often hand in …

Male sexual dysfunction is common in chronic kidney disease, particularly in end-stage
renal disease. Historically this cause of considerable morbidity has been under-reported …

Results Prolactin levels increased along with reduced kidney function. Prolactin significantly
and independently contributed to explain the variance of both FMD (in nondialyzed patients) …

Context Vascular aging, including endothelial dysfunction secondary to oxidative stress and
inflammation, increases the risk for age-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). Low …