Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and reduced quality of life, proven by
the latest data of the Global Burden of Disease Study, and is only gaining in prevalence …

The cardiovascular system is subject to hyperlipidaemic, inflammatory, and pro-oxidant
stressors. Over time, these factors drive prevalent chronic diseases, of which atherosclerosis …

The prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has improved due to better treatment
and care, but cardiovascular disease (CVD) still remains an important clinical problem, since …

We provide an up-to-date overview of current topics surrounding oxidized low-density
lipoprotein (oxLDL) and its related antibodies in the quest to better identify the individuals at …

Understanding the causal role of the immune and inflammatory responses in hypertension
has led to questions regarding the links between hypertension and autoimmunity. Immune …

Immune mechanisms are critically involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its
clinical manifestations. Associations of specific antibody levels and defined B-cell subsets …

(1) Background: The acquisition of multiple chronic diseases, known as multimorbidity, is
common in the elderly population, and it is often treated with the simultaneous consumption …

Aims Myocardial infarction (MI) accelerates atherosclerosis and greatly increases the risk of
recurrent cardiovascular events for many years, in particular, strokes and MIs. Because B …

Highlights•Antibody-inducing vaccines against atherosclerosis are designed to induce
neutralizing antibodies.•Treg-inducing vaccines against atherosclerosis are designed to …

Adaptive as well as innate immune responses contribute to the development of
atherosclerosis. Studies performed in experimental animals have revealed that some of …