Looping the genome with SMC complexes

E Kim, R Barth, C Dekker - Annual review of biochemistry, 2023 - annualreviews.org
SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) protein complexes are an evolutionarily
conserved family of motor proteins that hold sister chromatids together and fold genomes …

A walk through the SMC cycle: From catching DNAs to shaping the genome

R Oldenkamp, BD Rowland - Molecular cell, 2022 - cell.com
SMC protein complexes are molecular machines that provide structure to chromosomes.
These complexes bridge DNA elements and by doing so build DNA loops in cis and hold …

The SMC-family Wadjet complex protects bacteria from plasmid transformation by recognition and cleavage of closed-circular DNA

A Deep, Y Gu, YQ Gao, KM Ego, MA Herzik, H Zhou… - Molecular Cell, 2022 - cell.com
Self versus non-self discrimination is a key element of innate and adaptive immunity across
life. In bacteria, CRISPR-Cas and restriction-modification systems recognize non-self nucleic …

CTCF is a DNA-tension-dependent barrier to cohesin-mediated loop extrusion

IF Davidson, R Barth, M Zaczek, J van der Torre… - Nature, 2023 - nature.com
In eukaryotes, genomic DNA is extruded into loops by cohesin. By restraining this process,
the DNA-binding protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) generates topologically associating …

All eukaryotic SMC proteins induce a twist of− 0.6 at each DNA loop extrusion step

R Janissen, R Barth, IF Davidson, JM Peters… - Science …, 2024 - science.org
Eukaryotes carry three types of structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) protein
complexes, condensin, cohesin, and SMC5/6, which are ATP-dependent motor proteins that …

[HTML][HTML] SMC complexes can traverse physical roadblocks bigger than their ring size

B Pradhan, R Barth, E Kim, IF Davidson, B Bauer… - Cell reports, 2022 - cell.com
Ring-shaped structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes like condensin and
cohesin extrude loops of DNA. It remains, however, unclear how they can extrude DNA …

CTCF and R-loops are boundaries of cohesin-mediated DNA looping

H Zhang, Z Shi, EJ Banigan, Y Kim, H Yu, X Bai… - Molecular cell, 2023 - cell.com
Cohesin and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) are key regulatory proteins of three-dimensional
(3D) genome organization. Cohesin extrudes DNA loops that are anchored by CTCF in a …

How do molecular motors fold the genome?

C Dekker, CH Haering, JM Peters, BD Rowland - Science, 2023 - science.org
Many protein complexes that drive key processes in cells are “molecular motors”—
assemblies that consume (electro) chemical energy to produce mechanical work. Examples …

Establishment of dsDNA-dsDNA interactions by the condensin complex

M Tang, G Pobegalov, H Tanizawa, ZA Chen… - Molecular cell, 2023 - cell.com
Condensin is a structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex family member
thought to build mitotic chromosomes by DNA loop extrusion. However, condensin variants …

Single cohesin molecules generate force by two distinct mechanisms

G Pobegalov, LY Chu, JM Peters… - Nature …, 2023 - nature.com
Spatial organization of DNA is facilitated by cohesin protein complexes that move on DNA
and extrude DNA loops. How cohesin works mechanistically as a molecular machine is …