G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface signaling
receptors known to play a crucial role in various physiological functions, including tumor …

Signaling pathways that mediate cell-cell communication are essential for collective cell
behaviors in multicellular systems. The hedgehog (HH) pathway, first discovered and …

Purpose Two phase II studies assessed the efficacy of vismodegib, a sonic hedgehog (SHH)
pathway inhibitor that binds smoothened (SMO), in pediatric and adult recurrent …

Intellectual disability (ID) disorders are genetically and phenotypically extremely
heterogeneous. Can this complexity be depicted in a comprehensive way as a means of …

G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) and heterotrimeric G proteins play central roles in a
diverse array of cellular processes. As such, dysregulation of GPCRs and their coupled …

YAP1 is a transcriptional co-activator whose activity is controlled by the Hippo signaling
pathway. In addition to important functions in normal tissue homeostasis and regeneration …

Cell-cell communication through evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways governs
embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Deregulation of these signaling …

Cancer is a complex disease resulting from abnormal cell growth that is induced by a
number of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which …

Abstract The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway plays many important roles in development,
homeostasis and tumorigenesis. The critical function of Hh signalling in bone formation has …

The primary cilium is an antenna-like cellular protrusion mediating sensory and
neuroendocrine signaling. Its localization within tissue architecture and a growing list of cilia …