A tale of two poles: Toward understanding the presence, distribution, and origin of volatiles at the polar regions of the Moon and Mercury

DJ Lawrence - Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract The Moon and Mercury both have permanently shaded regions (PSRs) at their
poles, which are locations that do not see the Sun for geologically long periods of time. The …

Fine resolution epithermal neutron detector (FREND) onboard the ExoMars trace gas orbiter

I Mitrofanov, A Malakhov, B Bakhtin, D Golovin… - Space Science …, 2018 - Springer
ExoMars is a two-launch mission undertaken by Roscosmos and European Space Agency.
Trace Gas Orbiter, a satellite part of the 2016 launch carries the Fine Resolution Neutron …

Resource potential of lunar permanently shadowed regions

HM Brown, AK Boyd, BW Denevi, MR Henriksen… - Icarus, 2022 - Elsevier
The lunar polar regions contain permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) or local topographic
depressions that never receive direct sunlight. These environments (< 110 K) have the …

Hydrogen distribution in the lunar polar regions

AB Sanin, IG Mitrofanov, ML Litvak, BN Bakhtin… - Icarus, 2017 - Elsevier
We present a method of conversion of the lunar neutron counting rate measured by the
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) …

Geologic history of the south circumpolar region (SCR) of the Moon

SS Krasilnikov, MA Ivanov, JW Head, AS Krasilnikov - Icarus, 2023 - Elsevier
Abstract Space exploration missions have placed renewed focus on the South Circumpolar
Region (SCR) of the Moon due to its unexplored nature by landed missions, potential water …

Exogenic origin for the volatiles sampled by the Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite impact

KE Mandt, O Mousis, D Hurley, A Bouquet… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
Returning humans to the Moon presents an unprecedented opportunity to determine the
origin of volatiles stored in the permanently shaded regions (PSRs), which trace the history …

Testing polar spots of water‐rich permafrost on the Moon: LEND observations onboard LRO

I Mitrofanov, M Litvak, A Sanin… - Journal of …, 2012 - Wiley Online Library
Results are presented for the LEND instrument onboard LRO for the detection of local spots
of suppression and excess of epithermal neutron emission at the lunar poles. Twelve local …

Selection of Luna-25 landing sites in the South Polar Region of the Moon

MV Djachkova, ML Litvak, IG Mitrofanov… - Solar system research, 2017 - Springer
The paper presents a brief description of the spatial analysis method developed at the
Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the landing site selection …

Lunar flashlight: Illuminating the lunar south pole

BA Cohen, PO Hayne, B Greenhagen… - IEEE Aerospace and …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Water ice and other volatile compounds may be present on the Moon's surface within
permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) near the lunar poles. Understanding the …

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission–Six years of science and exploration at the Moon

JW Keller, NE Petro, RR Vondrak - Icarus, 2016 - Elsevier
Since entering lunar orbit on June 23, 2009 the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has
made comprehensive measurements of the Moon and its environment. The seven LRO …