In this chapter, we review some features of particle acceleration in astrophysical jets. We
begin by describing four observational results relating to the topic, with particular emphasis …

We review basic theoretical concepts in particle acceleration, with particular emphasis on
processes likely to occur in regions of magnetic reconnection. Several new developments …

The first self-consistent simulations of electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection in
a macroscale system are presented. Consistent with solar flare observations, the spectra of …

Magnetic reconnection in relativistic collisionless plasmas can accelerate particles and
power high-energy emission in various astrophysical systems. Whereas most previous …

The heating of electrons in collisionless magnetic reconnection is explored in particle-in-cell
simulations with non-zero guide fields so that electrons remain magnetized. In this regime …

The recent observations of the anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) energy spectrum as Voyager 1
and Voyager 2 crossed the heliospheric termination shock have called into question the …

Energetic electrons of up to tens of MeV are created during explosive phenomena in the
solar corona. While many theoretical models consider magnetic reconnection as a possible …

This review surveys hard X-ray emissions of non-thermal electrons in the solar corona.
These electrons originate in flares and flare-related processes. Hard X-ray emission is the …

Magnetic reconnection is an important driver of energetic particles in many astrophysical
phenomena. Using kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we explore the impact of three …

The relaxation of field-line tension during magnetic reconnection gives rise to a universal
Fermi acceleration process involving the curvature drift of particles. However, the efficiency …