When a phenological shift affects a demographic vital rate such as survival or reproduction,
the altered vital rate may or may not have population-level consequences. We review the …

Climate change is a defining element of the current ecological landscape, with
consequences ranging from global to local environments. One of the first indices of the …

Plant–herbivore interactions have evolved in response to coevolutionary dynamics, along
with selection driven by abiotic conditions. We examine how abiotic factors influence trait …

Climate change leads to unequal shifts in the phenology of interacting species, such as
consumers and their resources, leading to potential phenological mismatches. While studies …

Arctic terrestrial herbivores influence tundra carbon and nutrient dynamics through their
consumption of resources, waste production, and habitat‐modifying behaviors. The strength …

The effects of winter chilling, spring forcing temperature, and photoperiod on spring
phenology are well known for many European and North American species, but the …

Phenology, mainly for plants, in the Northern Hemisphere north of 60° N in the “Old” World
and of 50° N in the “New” World is described in the present chapter, both historically and in …

Arctic plants are adapted to climatic variability, but their long‐term responses to warming
remain unclear. Responses may occur by range shifts, phenological adjustments in growth …

Earlier leaf‐out and later autumn leaf senescence under climate warming have been linked
to increases in plant productivity and ecosystem carbon uptake. Yet, despite the potential …

In the 20th century, the breeding grounds of the barnacle goose over the territory of Russia
included only the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago and Vaygach Island. Until the middle of the …