Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is an enigmatic and intriguing sleep state. REM sleep
differs from non-REM sleep by its characteristic brain activity and from wakefulness by a …

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a distinct, homeostatically controlled brain state
characterized by an activated electroencephalogram (EEG) in combination with paralysis of …

Simple Summary Protein misfolding and aggregation in the brain are associated with
various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's …

The brainstem plays a crucial role in sleep-wake regulation. However, the ensemble
dynamics underlying sleep regulation remain poorly understood. Here, we show slow, state …

Simple Summary Electrical activity in the brain dynamically changes throughout the day.
Abnormalities in brain activity have been associated with various brain disorders, including …

Major depression is one of the most common psychiatric illnesses. Interestingly, a few
studies have indicated the existence of depression subgroups, which respond differently to …

Melanins are a class of biopolymers that are widespread in nature and have diverse origins,
chemical compositions, and functions. Their chemical, electrical, optical, and paramagnetic …

Abstract Introduction Persistent tic disorders (PTDs) and attention-deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) are common neurodevelopmental conditions which tend to co-occur. Both …

Sleep is a fundamental process in mammals, including domestic dogs. Disturbances in
sleep affect physiological functions like cognitive and physical performance, immune …

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is the main sleep correlate of dreaming. Ponto-geniculo-
occipital (PGO) waves are a signature of REM sleep. They represent the physiological …