The human microbiota has a fundamental role in host physiology and pathology. Gut
microbial alteration, also known as dysbiosis, is a condition associated not only with …

Many genomic studies have revealed associations between the gut microbiota composition
and host metabolism. These observations led to the idea that a causal relationship could …

Microglial function declines during aging. The interaction of microglia with the gut microbiota
has been well characterized during development and adulthood but not in aging. Here, we …

Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays an important role in gut barrier protection by
shaping the resident microbiota community, restricting the growth of bacterial pathogens and …

Consumption of over-the-counter probiotics for promotion of health and well-being has
increased worldwide in recent years. However, although probiotic use has been greatly …

Trillions of microorganisms transit through and reside in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract
each day, collectively producing thousands of small molecules and metabolites with local …

Humoral immune responses at mucosal surfaces have historically focused on IgA. Growing
evidence highlights the complexity of IgA-inducing pathways and the functional impact of IgA …

IgA mediates microbial homeostasis at the intestinal mucosa. Within the gut, IgA acts in a
context-dependent manner to both prevent and promote bacterial colonization and to …

Commensal bacteria are major contributors to mammalian metabolism. We used liquid
chromatography mass spectrometry to study the metabolomes of germ-free, gnotobiotic, and …

How the microbiota modulate immune functions remains poorly understood. Mucosal-
associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are implicated in mucosal homeostasis and absent in …