Initiation and progression of atherosclerosis depend on local inflammation and
accumulation of lipids in the vascular wall. Although many cells are involved in the …

Metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis have been
viewed historically as lipid storage disorders brought about by overnutrition. It is now widely …

Objective Macrophages show extreme heterogeneity and different subsets have been
characterized by their activation route and their function. For instance, macrophage subsets …

At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their
effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and …

Macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques drive inflammatory responses, degrade
lipoproteins, and phagocytose dead cells. MicroRNAs (miRs) control the differentiation and …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall where both innate and adaptive
immunoinflammatory mechanisms are involved. Inflammation is central at all stages of …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the downstream adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation
factor 88 (MyD88) play an essential role in the innate immune responses. Here, we …

Rationale: Activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling in the vascular endothelium promotes
the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Targeting endothelial NF-κB may provide a …

Two members of the NF-κB (nuclear factor κB)/Rel transcription factor family, NF-κB1 and NF-
κB2, are produced as precursor proteins, NF-κB1 p105 and NF-κB2 p100 respectively …

Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) relevant to atherosclerosis include monocytes,
macrophages, and dendritic cells. A decade ago, studies on macrophage behavior in …