Many soft robots are composed of soft fluidic actuators that are fabricated from silicone
rubbers and use hydraulic or pneumatic actuation. The strong nonlinearities and complex …

This paper focuses on the recent development of soft pneumatic actuators for soft robotics
over the past few years, concentrating on the following four categories: control systems …

To advance the field of soft robotics, a unified database of material constitutive models and
experimental characterizations is of paramount importance. This will facilitate the use of …

This article reviews soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs) that are manufactured entirely via
additive manufacturing methods. These actuators are known as four-dimensional (4D) …

Although many soft robots, capable of crawling or climbing, have been well developed,
integrating multimodal locomotion into a soft robot for transitioning between crawling and …

Soft manipulator is a kind of special manipulator that uses soft material or flexible structure to
perform manipulation task under the specific drive mode inspired by the soft tissue. It is …

The emerging field of soft robotics presents a new paradigm for robot design in which
“precision through rigidity” is replaced by “cognition through compliance.” Lightweight and …

The compliant structure and influence of external forces usually result in complex
deformation of soft continuum robots, which makes the accurate modeling and control of the …

Soft actuators can be classified into five categories: tendon-driven actuators, electroactive
polymers, shape-memory materials, soft fluidic actuators (SFAs), and hybrid actuators. The …

Numerous soft grippers have been developed based on smart materials, pneumatic soft
actuators, and underactuated compliant structures. In this article, we present a three …