I. INTRODUCTION 1877 II. STUDYING THE... 1881 III. MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS...
1907 IV. PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION 1911 V. MICROBIOTA AND SYNAPTIC... 1929 …

Microorganisms can be found almost anywhere, including in and on the human body. The
collection of microorganisms associated with a certain location is called a microbiota, with its …

Background Probiotics are live micro‐organisms that may give a beneficial physiological
effect when administered in adequate amounts. Some trials show that probiotic strains can …

Stress-induced abdominal dysfunction is an attractive target for probiotics. To investigate the
effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on abdominal dysfunction, a double …

Background This study aimed to examine the effects of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota
(LcS) on gut–brain interactions under stressful conditions. Methods Three double‐blind …

Abstract Introduction/Aim: Interest in the gut–brain axis and emerging evidence that the
intestinal microbiota can influence central nervous system function has led to the hypothesis …

This pilot study investigated the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota
(LcS) on psychological, physiological, and physical stress responses in medical students …

Purpose Although several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of probiotics for
preventing upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in at-risk populations, including children …

To evaluate the effects of probiotic on patient's respiratory tract infection (RTI), a systematic
review was conducted on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). PubMed, Google Scholar …

Background Probiotics seems to play a beneficial role in stressed populations; thus, a
systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the effects of probiotics on stress in healthy …