Macropinocytosis is defined as an actin-dependent but coat-and dynamin-independent
endocytic uptake process, which generates large intracellular vesicles (macropinosomes) …

All cellular compartments are separated from the external environment by a membrane,
which consists of a lipid bilayer. Subcellular structures, including clathrin-coated pits …

Cells construct a number of plasma membrane structures to meet a range of physiological
demands. Driven by juxtamembrane actin machinery, these actin-based membrane …

Members of the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) family of small GTP-binding (G) proteins
regulate several aspects of membrane trafficking, such as vesicle budding, tethering and …

Rational design of nanocarriers for drug delivery approaches requires an unbiased
knowledge of uptake mechanisms and intracellular trafficking pathways. Here we dissected …

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are an important family of growth factor and hormone
receptors that regulate many aspects of cellular physiology. Ligand binding by RTKs at the …

Arf GTPase-activating proteins (Arf GAPs) control the activity of ADP-ribosylation factors
(Arfs) by inducing GTP hydrolysis and participate in a diverse array of cellular functions both …

During macropinocytosis, cells remodel their morphologies for the uptake of extracellular
matter. This endocytotic mechanism relies on the collapse and closure of precursory …

The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in diabetic renal
fibrosis. The ARAP1 gene is located near risk alleles for Type 2 diabetes, and its function …

The persistent transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) causes
subsequent activation of the TGF‐β/Smad3 pathway, which is closely associated with …