Objective We sought to review indications, technical aspects, risks, and recommendations
for fetal blood sampling (FBS). Methods A systematic review was performed using …

The evaluation and management of hypothyroidism in children are similar to adults, but
there are important differences based on the dependence on normal thyroid function for …

Fetal goiter is an extremely rare complication of pregnancy. Its incidence is 1 in 40 000
deliveries. Antithyroid maternal therapy is responsible for 10–15% of fetal congenital …

Background: Iodine is necessary for fetal thyroid development. Excess maternal intake of
iodine can cause fetal hypothyroidism due to the inability to escape from the Wolff-Chaikoff …

Congenital hypothyroidism with fetal goiter is a rare condition associated with severe, but
possibly preventable, intrauterine and postnatal complications. Ultrasound examination after …

Thyroid hormone signaling is required for both fetal and pediatric development.
Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may present in the neonatal period. Hypothyroidism is …

Fetal goitrous hypothyroidism is a rare condition associated with important obstetrical,
neonatal complications, and neurodevelopmental impairments. Prenatal treatment remains …

Head and neck masses occurring in the neonatal period and early infancy consist of
vascular tumors, vascular malformations, benign and malignant soft tissue tumors, and other …

Providing in-utero treatments to target specific conditions in the fetus is a relatively new
approach in perinatal care, with the vast majority of these treatments being used off-label …

Fetal goitrous hypothyroidism is a rare entity and is caused mainly by maternal treatment of
Graves' disease (GD). We report a case of a 22-year-old woman referred at 12 weeks of …