Background Critical illness is characterized by a loss of commensal flora and an overgrowth
of potentially pathogenic bacteria, leading to a high susceptibility to nosocomial infections …

Introduction: There is growing evidence on the use of probiotics in various diseases,
especially in gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Although probiotics have been found helpful in …

Background Commensal microbiota deteriorate in critically ill patients. The preventive effects
of probiotic/synbiotic therapy on microbiota and septic complications have not been …

Rationale: Enteral administration of probiotics may modify the gastrointestinal environment
in a manner that preferentially favors the growth of minimally virulent species. It is unknown …

Purpose To evaluate the potential preventive effect of probiotics on ventilator-associated
pneumonia (VAP). Methods This was an open-label, randomized, controlled multicenter trial …

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious
complication of mechanical ventilation. We conducted a meta-analysis of published …

Objective: To assess the attributable mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia using
results from randomized controlled trials on ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention …

Background Ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) is common in intensive care units
(ICUs). Some evidence indicates that probiotics may reduce the incidence of VAP. Several …

Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is reported as the second most
common nosocomial infection among critically ill patients with the incidence ranging from 2 …

OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety and efficacy of probiotics or synbiotics on morbidity
and mortality in critically ill adults and children. DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE …