Exosomes are nanoparticles secreted by all cell types and are a large component of the
broader class of nanoparticles termed extracellular vesicles (EVs). Once secreted …

The term 'extracellular vesicles' refers to a heterogeneous population of vesicular bodies of
cellular origin that derive either from the endosomal compartment (exosomes) or as a result …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biocompatible, nano‐sized secreted vesicles containing
many types of biomolecules, including proteins, RNAs, DNAs, lipids, and metabolites. Their …

Cellular membranes can form two principally different involutions, which either exclude or
contain cytosol. The 'classical'budding reactions, such as those occurring during …

In animals, systemic control of metabolism is conducted by metabolic tissues and relies on
the regulated circulation of a plethora of molecules, such as hormones and lipoprotein …

miRNAs can be found in serum and other body fluids and serve as biomarkers for disease.
More importantly, secreted miRNAs, especially those in extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as …

The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway regulates mRNA stability and translation in nearly all
human cells. Small double-stranded RNA molecules can efficiently trigger RNAi silencing of …

Plants use extracellular vesicles (EVs) to transport small RNAs (sRNAs) into their fungal
pathogens and silence fungal virulence-related genes through a phenomenon called 'cross …

The heterogeneity of small extracellular vesicles and presence of non-vesicular extracellular
matter have led to debate about contents and functional properties of exosomes. Here, we …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play important roles in regulating
gene expression. The majority of miRNAs are transcribed from DNA sequences into primary …