Acute and chronic lung injuries are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Lung
injury can affect several components of the respiratory system, including the airways …

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are both obstructive airway
diseases that involve chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract, but the type of …

Nanoplastics, including polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs), are widely existed in the
atmosphere, which can be directly and continuously inhaled into the human body, posing a …

Increasing evidence suggests that the lung microbiome plays an important role in chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity. However, the dynamics of the lung …

Background Increased concentrations of eosinophils in blood and sputum in chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been associated with increased frequency of …

This review focuses on the role and regulation of mucin glycoproteins (mucins) in airway
health and disease. Mucins are highly glycosylated macromolecules (≥ 50% carbohydrate …

Although the incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) has decreased since the
introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy, it remains an important cause of disease in …

Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disorder that
makes the breathing difficult and is characterized by pathological conditions ranging from …

Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α have been linked to a number of
pulmonary inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

In this article, we review the biology and physiological importance of transforming growth
factor-β (TGF-β) to homeostasis in the respiratory system, its importance to innate and …