PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to outline notable alterations occurring in the
adolescent brain, and to consider potential ramifications of these developmental …

This is a brief review of current evidence for the relationships between physical activity and
exercise and the brain and cognition throughout the life span in non-pathological …

Aging causes changes in the hippocampus that may lead to cognitive decline in older
adults. In young animals, exercise increases hippocampal neurogenesis and improves …

Increasing attention has been given to understanding resilience to brain diseases, often
described as brain or cognitive reserve. Among the protective factors for the development of …

As attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed
developmental disorders in childhood, effective yet safe treatment options are highly …

We provide a brief review of the literature on exercise effects on brain and cognition. To this
end, we focus on both prospective and retrospective human epidemiological studies that …

Voluntary physical exercise (wheel running, RUN) and environmental enrichment (ENR)
both stimulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis but do so by different mechanisms. RUN …

Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a pervasive pattern of
developmentally inappropriate inattentive, impulsive and hyperactive behaviors that typically …

Physical activity induces adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We here show that the acute up-
regulating effect of voluntary wheel running on precursor cell proliferation decreases with …

Social isolation can exacerbate the negative consequences of stress and increase the risk of
developing psychopathology. However, the influence of living alone on experiences …