Calcium ions generate versatile intracellular signals that control key functions in all types of
neurons. Imaging calcium in neurons is particularly important because calcium signals exert …

During even the most quiescent behavioral periods, the cortex and thalamus express rich
spontaneous activity in the form of slow (< 1 Hz), synchronous network state transitions …

We present a first-draft digital reconstruction of the microcircuitry of somatosensory cortex of
juvenile rat. The reconstruction uses cellular and synaptic organizing principles to …

How different is local cortical circuitry from a random network? To answer this question, we
probed synaptic connections with several hundred simultaneous quadruple whole-cell …

Two-photon calcium imaging is a powerful means for monitoring the activity of distinct
neurons in brain tissue in vivo. In the mammalian brain, such imaging studies have been …

The cortical microcircuit is built with recurrent excitatory connections, and it has long been
suggested that the purpose of this design is to enable intrinsically driven reverberating …

We present a minimal spiking network that can polychronize, that is, exhibit reproducible
time-locked but not synchronous firing patterns with millisecond precision, as in synfire …

Neurons in the cerebral cortex are organized into anatomical columns, with ensembles of
cells arranged from the surface to the white matter. Within a column, neurons often share …

The vast majority of synaptic connections onto neurons in the cerebral cortex arise from
other cortical neurons, both excitatory and inhibitory, forming local and distant …

Neocortical assemblies produce complex activity patterns both in response to sensory
stimuli and spontaneously without sensory input. To investigate the structure of these …