Many cellular processes require large-scale rearrangements of chromatin structure.
Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are molecular machines …

Condensins are large protein complexes that play a central role in chromosome
organization and segregation in the three domains of life. They display highly characteristic …

We investigated genome folding across the eukaryotic tree of life. We find two types of three-
dimensional (3D) genome architectures at the chromosome scale. Each type appears and …

INTRODUCTION During mitosis, cells compact their chromosomes into dense rod-shaped
structures to ensure their reliable transmission to daughter cells. Our work explores how …

Condensins are multisubunit protein complexes that play a fundamental role in the structural
and functional organization of chromosomes in the three domains of life. Most eukaryotic …

The two Condensin complexes in human cells are essential for mitotic chromosome
structure. We used homozygous genome editing to fluorescently tag Condensin I and II …

Topoisomerase IIα (TOP2A) is a core component of mitotic chromosomes and important for
establishing mitotic chromosome condensation. The primary roles of TOP2A in mitosis have …

For cell division, negatively charged chromatin, in which nucleosome fibers (10 nm fibers)
are irregularly folded [1–5], must be condensed into chromosomes and segregated. While …

When the nucleolus disassembles during open mitosis, many nucleolar proteins and RNAs
associate with chromosomes, establishing a perichromosomal compartment coating the …

Our understanding of the structure and function of mitotic chromosomes has come a long
way since these iconic objects were first recognized more than 140 years ago, though many …