The tumor microenvironment (TME) is emerging as one of the primary barriers in cancer
therapy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a common inhabitant of the TME in several …

Nanomedicine has been extensively explored to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy with
modest therapeutic efficacy in the clinic, owing to various factors. A primary factor is …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells are deficient in estrogen, progesterone and
ERBB2 receptor expression, presenting a particularly challenging therapeutic target due to …

Although doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-cancer drug with cytotoxicity in a variety of
different tumors, its effectiveness in treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is constrained by …

Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT), a type of treatment involving the intravenous or
intratumoral injection to introduce gold nanoparticles to cancerous cells and the subsequent …

The design and use of materials in the nanoscale size range for addressing medical and
health-related issues continues to receive increasing interest. Research in nanomedicine …

Intrinsically therapeutic nanoparticles (ITNPs) are a special class of nanomaterials with
capabilities of self-triggering bioactive activities (without drug) when interacting with …

Cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development have significantly improved the fight
against cancers. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly in the clinical …

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a minimally invasive procedure for treating cancer. The two
significant prerequisites of PTT are the photothermal therapeutic agent (PTA) and near …

Nanoscience has long been lauded as a method through which tumor-associated barriers
could be overcome. As successful as cancer immunotherapy has been, limitations …