Anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge is one of the most efficient, effective, and
environmentally sustainable remediation techniques; however, the presence of complex floc …

Land application of sewage sludge is increasingly used as an alternative to landfilling and
incineration owing to a considerable content of carbon and essential plant nutrients in …

The world is now seeking sources of renewable energy that are both economical and
environmentally friendly. Purified biogas is one essential source of renewable energy that …

Many countries have realised that biogas as a source of energy is an important component
for sustainability transition. However, the total production volume of biogas is still relatively …

Small-scale anaerobic digestion (SSAD) is a promising technology for the treatment of
livestock manure and the organic fraction of municipal wastes, especially in low population …

The increasing trend in the consumption of various materials has also led to a huge increase
in the final waste streams especially in the form of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the …

Community-scale composting, which can be conducted by the local council or a waste
management company, is an effective starting point to divert food waste from landfill …

The energy demand in Malaysia has shown a dramatic increase over the last few years: with
natural gas and coal being the primary contributors. Nevertheless, due to declining in fossil …

Anaerobic digestion (AD) technology has become increasingly important due to its
contribution to sustainability and a circular bioeconomy. While AD technologies are …

Solid organic wastes (SOWs) are abundant resources that can be used for conversion to
biofuels. Among various conversion technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the …