The control of body and organ growth is essential for the development of adults with proper
size and proportions, which is important for survival and reproduction. In animals, adult body …

Neural circuit function can be drastically affected by variations in the number of cells that are
produced during development or by a reduction in adult cell number owing to disease. For …

Stem cells reside in specialized microenvironments known as niches. During Drosophila
development, glial cells provide a niche that sustains the proliferation of neural stem cells …

The large serine/threonine protein kinase mTOR regulates cellular and organismal
homeostasis by coordinating anabolic and catabolic processes with nutrient, energy, and …

In Drosophila, the fat body (FB), a functional analog of the vertebrate adipose tissue, is the
nutrient sensor that conveys the nutrient status to the insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in the fly …

Background: Size regulation is fundamental in developing multicellular organisms and
occurs through the control of cell number and cell size. Studies in Drosophila have identified …

A great many cell types are necessary for the myriad capabilities of complex, multicellular
organisms. One interesting aspect of this diversity of cell type is that many cells in diploid …

In endoreplication cell cycles, known as endocycles, cells successively replicate their
genomes without segregating chromosomes during mitosis and thereby become polyploid …

Regulation of protein synthesis in eukaryotes plays a critical role in development,
differentiation, cell cycle progression, cell growth, and apoptosis (Mathews et al. 2000) …

Life-history traits or “fitness components”—such as age and size at maturity, fecundity and
fertility, age-specific rates of survival, and life span—are the major phenotypic determinants …