Gut microbiota encompasses a wide variety of commensal microorganisms consisting of
trillions of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbial population coexists in symbiosis with …

The largest surface of the human body exposed to the external environment is the gut. At this
level, the intestinal barrier includes luminal microbes, the mucin layer, gastrointestinal …

The nutritional manipulations of the rumen microbiome to enhance productivity and health
are rather limited by the resilience of the ecosystem once established in the mature rumen …

Abstract Lysozymes (EC 3.2. 1.17) are hydrolytic enzymes, characterized by their ability to
cleave the β-(1, 4)-glycosidic bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine …

The prevalence of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and steatotic
liver disease is rapidly increasing worldwide with a huge economic burden in terms of …

Epidemiological and interventional human studies, as well as experiments in animal
models, strongly indicate that helminth parasitic infections can confer protection from …

The intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem that combines resident microbiota and the cells
of various phenotypes with complex metabolic activities that line the epithelial wall. The …

It is well established that adaptive immune responses are deficient in early life, contributing
to increased mortality and morbidity. The developmental trajectories of different components …

Listeria monocytogenes is a human intracellular pathogen that is able to survive in the
gastrointestinal environment and replicate in macrophages, thus bypassing the early innate …

Bile acids (BA) are amphiphilic molecules synthesized in the liver (primary BA) starting from
cholesterol. In the small intestine, BA act as strong detergents for emulsification …