Viral diseases, including avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND), are an important
cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, resulting in significant economic losses. Despite …

Background Chloroplast is a type of plastid that is believed to be originated from ancestral
cyanobacteria. Chloroplast besides being a major component for photosynthesis, also takes …

Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. is an exceptional crop known for its remarkable health
benefits, high levels of beneficial polyphenols and gluten-free properties, making it highly …

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), belonging to the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), is one of the
major vegetable crops in China. Conventional genetic breeding methods are ineffective for …

The natural source of chymosin, a key enzyme in the dairy industry, is insufficient for rapidly
growing cheese industries. Large-scale production of recombinant proteins in heterologous …

In genetics and molecular biology, Gene transformation is a gene alteration technique that
involves the introduction and expression of a foreign gene into the host organism. There are …

Chloroplast transformation has emerged as a promising platform for the development of
modified transplastomic plants expressing many useful products including pharmaceutical …

Forests are potential habitats for immense terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic biodiversity,
performing an essential role in ecological preservation and regulation of climate. The …

Capsicum annuum L. is extensively cultivated in subtropical and temperate regions globally,
respectively, when grown in a medium with 8 holding significant economic importance …

CRISPR technology is revolutionizing genomic engineering by enabling scientists to
precisely modify plant DNA, thus representing a powerful tool for plant breeding. This …