Land plants have adapted to survive under a range of wind climates and this involve
changes in chemical composition, physical structure and morphology at all scales from the …

As an important part of the urban environment, trees have certain risks while living in
harmony with humans. For example, the failure of trees in extreme weather may cause …

In the presence of a target, tree failures have the potential to damage property, disrupt
services, or threaten public safety. Worldwide, several qualitative methods have been …

Over the last 30 years, researchers have begun to employ biomechanical principles to
understand the stability of urban trees. This review concentrates on literature pertaining to …

This review focuses on tree health assessment in urban forest, specifically on the
methodologies commonly used to detect levels, dimensions, and location of wood …

Awareness of tree risk assessment and management has risen in the United States in recent
years. This has been prompted by publications such as the American National Standards …

Tree failure is an increasingly frequent issue in cities worldwide leading to the risk of
property damage, financial loss, citizen injury, and death. Assessing tree failure is a …

Urban tree risk assessment and mitigation is a process that is strongly influenced by
professional experience, risk perception, and risk tolerance. While arborists and other tree …

Sustainable urban forests require healthy trees with stable structures to improve provision of
ecosystem services including air purification and climate mitigation to urban areas. Trees in …

This review of tree biomechanics covers recent research publications that offer new insights
into how trees respond to mechanical loads and resist failure, especially in winds …