Quantifying emotional aspects of animal behavior (eg, anxiety, social interactions, reward,
and stress responses) is a major focus of neuroscience research. Because manual scoring …

Studies conducted in rodents indicate a crucial role of the opioid circuit in mediating
objective hedonic reactions to primary rewards. However, it remains unclear whether opioid …

Drawing from field theory, Gestalt therapy conceives psychological suffering and
psychotherapy as two intentional field phenomena, where unprocessed and chaotic …

Abstract Purpose of Review The brain's salience network (SN), primarily comprising the
anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, plays a key role in detecting salient stimuli and …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by high heritability and clinical
heterogeneity. The main core symptoms are social communication deficits. There are no …

According to a growing body of neurobiological evidence, the core symptoms of borderline
personality disorder (BPD) may be linked to an opioidergic imbalance between the hedonic …

Laughter is a contagious prosocial signal that conveys bonding motivation; adult crying
conversely communicates desire for social proximity by signalling distress. Endogenous mu …

Rationale Childhood maltreatment (CM) leads to detrimental mental health outcomes, such
as substance use disorders (SUD). This study examined prevalence and severity of all five …

An increasing number of studies have demonstrated extensive functional links between
bone and the brain. As a novel endocrine organ, bone has received increasing attention for …

Drug exposure during adolescence, when the “reward” circuitry of the brain is developing,
can permanently impact reward-related behavior into adulthood. Epidemiological studies …