The brain and body respond to potential and actual stressful events by activating hormonal
and neural mediators and modifying behaviors to adapt. Such responses help maintain …

Background Several studies have assessed the associations between migraine and
underweight, pre-obesity or obesity, with conflicting results. To assess the consistency of the …

The exact mechanism of the migraine pathophysiology remained unclear. Although there
are some reports showing low-grade inflammation in migraineurs, further studies are …

Background and purpose Migraine is a common neurological disorder. It can be divided into
episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM), based on headache frequency. Some …

Aim Migraine has been associated with stroke as well as with several non-atherosclerotic
vascular conditions leading to discussions about the potential role of endothelium in the …

Background An increased risk of ischemic stroke is repeatedly reported in young subjects
with migraine with aura (MA). Such may be caused by changes in endothelial function. The …

Background Migraine is a common headache disorder that may be associated with vascular
disease and cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging …

Background and purpose: Oxidative stress is discussed to be implicated in the
pathophysiology of migraine. However, data are in part controversial and the possible …

Metabolic syndrome is associated with migraine but there is no study comparing the
characteristics of migraine with and without metabolic syndrome from Southeast Asia. This …

Background Obesity confers adverse effects to every system in the body including the
central nervous system. Obesity is associated with both migraine and idiopathic intracranial …