Transmission mechanics of infectious pathogen in various environments are of great
complexity and has always been attracting many researchers' attention. As a cost-effective …

Airborne respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 pose significant challenges to public
transportation. Several recent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 indicate the high risk of …

Children are particularly vulnerable to the detrimental health impacts of poor air quality. In
the UK, recent initiatives at local council level have focussed on mitigating children's air …

Nowadays the use of public transportation (PT) has been identified as high risk as due to the
transfer of particles carrying the coronavirus from an infected passenger to others. This study …

Natural ventilation is an energy-efficient design approach to reduce infection risk (IR), but its
optimized design in a coach bus environment is less studied. Based on a COVID-19 …

The global acceptance of the SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission led to prevention
measures based on quality control and air renewal. Among them, carbon dioxide (CO2) …

Background Mode choice of school travel has significantly changed over the past decades.
The rate of active school travel (cycling and walking from/to school) has been declining …

School students are exposed to the increased particulate (PM) number concentration inside
the school bus on daily basis while commuting on urban road networks. However, the …

Approximately 25 million children ride buses to school in the United States. While school
buses are the safest school transport from an accident perspective, older buses often …

School buses could alleviate the emissions associated with school travel. China is devoted
to promoting its school bus service, leaving parents in a dynamic process of change from the …